Used in many industrial applications and water clarification as a pH modifier.

Helps to maintain optimal pH levels for efficiency and quality of the products being processed.

Used in the manufacture of organic and inorganic chemicals such as fertilizers and medicines.

It is used as a reagent in many chemical synthesis reactions.

Used in the steel industry for pickling and descaling of steel surfaces before further processing.

Strips oxide layers and contaminants, and readies surfaces for coating and polishing.

Used in the food industry for both as an acidulant and for regulation of pH in different foods.

It involves altering the pH of food to improve taste, prolong shelf life and avoid bacterial contamination.

Used both as a reagent and solvent in laboratory experiments and analytical work.

Assists in the identification of metal ions and the calibration of standard solutions.